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Malaria, Filariasis, Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika, West Nile fevers and other mosquito-borne diseases cause an enormous health burden to people living in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
The trans infection of mosquitos with the maternally inherited, endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia that can compete with targeted pathogens or manipulate host biology to reduce their vectorial capacity is a promising and innovative biological control approach.
Mosquito populations can be reduced Fruit fly Wolbachia strains which can invade and sustain themselves in and reduce adult lifespan by affecting mosquito reproduction and interfere with pathogen replication.
Wolbachia works in two ways within a mosquito:
By Boosting the natural immune system of the mosquito make it harder for the mosquito to support the Zika, dengue or chikungunya infection.
The second way is by competing against viruses for key molecules like cholesterol.
Mosquito-borne diseases represent significant medical and veterinary problems around the world and lead to major economic problems.
For some diseases such as Zika virus, West Nile Virus and Dengue fever, vector control remains the only way to protect human populations.
The cost of treatment remains a huge barrier to large amounts of developing world populations. A child dies every minute because of malaria in Africa. In countries where malaria is well established WHO estimates countries lose 1.3% annual economic income due to the disease.
The need to control the vectors in which they carried is prioritized as the impacts of disease and virus are devastating.
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